Development of Psychological School within German Ethnology in the second half of the 19th – first half of the 20th centuries

DOI: 10.33876/2311-0546/2020-49-1/231-238

Abstract

The article is devoted to the history of German ethnology in the second half of the 19^th - first half of the 20^th centuries. Despite the similarity of the trajectories of European and American anthropology in general, German ethnology had a number of specific features. First of all, these are the very concepts “German ethnology,” “German-language ethnology” and “ethnology of Germany” themselves. The author highlights the following special aspects of German ethnology in the given period. Firstly, it is influence of German philosophical heritage. Secondly, it is a differentiation of German ethnology. Thirdly, the psychological direction of ethnology was born in Germany. Fourthly, it is a specific coexistence with the ideology of Nazism in the 1930s and first half of the 1940s. Besides, after 1945, German ethnology is divided into the ethnology of FRG and the ethnology of GDR, which is not true about the USA, Great Britain, France and other countries housing major ethnological centers.

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