Fishing-related beliefs and rites of the Karakalpaks

DOI: 10.33876/2311-0546/2020-50-2/125-136

Abstract

This scientific article highlights the problem of studying ancient relics, beliefs, rites and cults of karakalpaks related to fishing, preserved in mythology and folklore, which were until recently in the people. The form of veneration of fish in the image of spirits of patrons, zoomorphic features in the cult of ancestors is analyzed; The historical and cultural ties of Karakalpaks with other peoples have been explored to establish common patterns in the history of religious beliefs associated with fishing in Karakalpaks.

References

1. Abramzon, S.M. 1971. Kirgizy i ih jetnograficheskie i istoriko-kul'turnye svjazi [Kirgiz and Their Ethnographic, Historical and Cultural Relations]. Leningrad: Nauka.
2. Agadzhanov, S.G. 1971. Oguzskie plemena Srednej Azii IX-XIII vv. Istoriko-jetnograficheskij ocherk. [The Oguz Tribes in Central Asia IX-XIII st. Historical and Ethnographic Essay]. In «Strany i narody Vostoka» X.
3. Alekseev, N.A. 1980. Rannie formy religii tjurkojazychnyh narodov Sibiri [Early Forms of Religion of the Turkic-Speaking peoples of Siberia]. Novosibirsk: Nauka.
4. Bajalieva, T.D. 1972. Doislamskie verovanija i ih perezhitki u kirgizov [Pre-Islamic Beliefs and Remnants among the Kirgiz]. Frunze: Ilim.
5. Basilov V.M. 1963.O perezhitkah totemizma u Turkmen [About the Remnants of totemism among the Turkmens]. In Trudy Instituta istorii, arheologii i jetnografii Turkmen SSR. T. 7. Serija jetnograficheskaja [Transactions of IIAE AN Turkmen SSR. Vol. 7. A series of ethnographic]. Ashhabad: AN Turkmen SSR.
6. Baskakov N.A. 1951. Karakalpakskij jazyk [Karakalpak Language]. In Materialy po dialektologii. Vol. 1 [Materials on dialectology. Vol. 1], 111-114. Moscow: AN USSR.
7. Bichurin, N.Ja. 1950. Sobranie svedenij o narodah, obitavshih v Srednej Azii v drevnie vremena [Collection of Information about the Peoples Who Lived in Central Asia in Ancient Times]. Vol. I. Moscow; Leningrad: AN SSR.
8. Borozna, N.G. Nekotorye materialy ob amuletah-ukrashenijah naselenija Srednej Azii [Some Materials about Amulet Decoration of the Population in Central Asia]. In Sbornik: Domusul'manskie verovanija i obrjady v Srednej Azii [Collection: Pre-Islamic Beliefs and Rites in Central Asia], edited by G.P. Snesarev, V.N. Basilov. Moscow: Nauka, 1975. 285 s.
9. Chursin, G.F. 1913. Ocherki po jetnologii Kavkaza [Essays on the Ethnology of the Caucasus]. Tbilisi.
10. Demidov S. 1963. O perezhitkah verovanij, svjazannyh s vodnoj stihiej i rybolovstvom u Turkmen [About the Remnants of Beliefs Associated with the Water Elements among Turkmen]. In Trudy Instituta istorii, arheologii i jetnografii. Vol. VII. Serija jetnograficheskaja [Transactions of the Institute of History, Archeology and Ethnography. Vol. VII. Ethnographic Series]. Ashhabad.
11. 1972. Istorija v devjati knigah [History in 9 books], vol. 1. Leningrad: Nauka.
12. Gudkova, A.V. 1964. Tok-kala [Tok-kala]. Vol. 13. Tashkent: Fan.
13. Guljamov, Ja.G. 1957. Istorija oroshenija Horezma (S drevnejshih vremen do nashih dnej) [History of Horezm Irigation (From Anshient to Our Days)]. Tashkent.
14. Lunina S.V. 1960. Zoomorfnye sjuzhety v keramike so shtampovannoj ornamentaciej iz goncharnoj masterskoj XII – nachalo XIII vv. Kvartal keramistov Starogo Merva [Zoomorphic Subjects in Ceramics With Stamped Ornamentation in a Pottery Workshop in XII-beginning XIII sent. Quarter of Ceramists of Old Merv]. In Trudy TashGU 172 (V): 81–109.
15. Mambetullaev, M. 1978. Gorodishhe Bol'shaja Ajbujir-kala (Raskopki 1976 g.) [Hillfort Big Ajbujir-kala (Excavation of 1976 year)]. Vestnik KKFAN UzSSR 4: 85.
16. Mambetullaev, M. 1999. Kerderskaja chasha [The Kerder Bowl]. Istorija material'noj kul'tury Uzbekistana 30: 386–290.
17. Mambetullaev, M., and A. Utemisov. 1973. Nekotorye perezhitki verovanij u karakalpakov, svjazannye s rybolovstvom [Some Remnants of Karakalpak Beliefs Related to Fishing]. Vestnik KKFAN UzSSR 4: 61.
18. Snesarev, G.P. 1969. Relikty domusul'manskih verovanij i obrjadov u uzbekov Horezma. [Relics of Pre-Muslim Beliefs and Rituals of Horezm Uzbeks] Moscow: Nauka.
19. Tolstov S.P. Drevnij Horezm [Ancient Horezm]. Moscow: MGU, 1948.
20. Vinogradov, A.V. 1981. Drevnie ohotniki i rybolovy Sredneaziatskogo Mezhdurech'ja [Ancient Hunters and Fishermen of Central Asia Entre Rios]. Moscow: Nauka.
21. Volin, S.L. et al. 1938. Materialy po istorii turkmen i Turkmenii (MITT) [Materials on the History of Turkmens and Turkmenistan]. T.I. Moscow; Leningrad: AN SSSR.
22. Zhdanko T.A. 1961. Byt kolhoznyh artelej na ostrovah Juzhnogo Arala [Life of Collective Farms Artels in the Islands of South Aral]. Sovetskaja jetnografija 5: 27–43.
23. Zhdanko T.A. 1959. Rabota karakalpakskogo jetnograficheskogo otrjada v 1956 g. Materialy Horezmskoj jekspedicii [The Work of Karakalpak Ethnographic Grpoup in 1956]. Vol. 1. Moscow: Nauka.