THE FORMATION OF COMPARATIVE RACIAL PSYCHIATRY IN THE GERMAN AND RUSSIAN EMPIRES (END OF THE 19th – BEGINNING OF THE 20th CENTURIES)
Keywords:
comparative racial psychiatry, the German Empire, the Russian Empire, E. Kraepelin, E.M. Budul, late 19th – early 20th centuries, psychiatry, discursive practices, M. FoucaultAbstract
This study is devoted to the problem of institutionalization of the scientific discipline – comparative racial psychiatry in Germany and Russia at the end of the 19th – beginning of the 20th century. The author tries to outline parallel ways of development of the two disciplines in the imperial era, to find a certain continuity in their development, and also to find similarities and differences of their institutional models. The purpose of this work is to examine the genealogy of German and Russian comparative racial psychiatry through an analysis of its discursive practices (according to M. Foucault) in order to show how certain theories (of racial and social hygiene, degeneration) which were dominant in the scientific community of the late 19th – early 20th century constructed an idea of the “norm” and deviation of physical and “spiritual development” of the human.
